Recently, Lei Wang and his colleagues from Biotechnology Research Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences discovered a new mechanism of miR169-mediated salt response. The results were published in Plant Physiology.

Salt stress significantly reduces the productivity of crop plants including maize.At present, the total area of saline-alkali land in China researches 100 million hectare, accounting for 10.3% of the land area. Maize is the largest crop in China. Mining and identifying genes with salt tolerant in corn and clarifying its regulation network is of great significance to provide gene sources for the molecular design breeding in maize.
MiRNAs are major regulators of plant growth and stress responses, but few studies have examined the potential impacts of miRNAs on salt stress responses in maize. Researchers found that ZmmiR169q was responsive to stress-induced ROS signals. Salt stress and exogenous H2O2 treatment reduced the accumulation of ZmmiR169q, stress assays with transgenic materials showed that depleting ZmmiR169q increased seedling salt tolerance whereas overexpressing ZmmiR169q decreased salt tolerance. They found that ZmmiR169q repressed the transcript abundance of its target ZmNF-YA8, and overexpression ZmNF-YA8 in maize improved salt tolerance, specifically by transcriptionally activating the expression of PEROXIDASE1. This study reveals a direct functional link between salt stress and a miR169q-NF-YA8 regulatory module that plants use to manage ROS stress and strongly suggests that ZmNF-YA8 can be harnessed as a resource for developing salt-tolerant crop varieties.

Lijuan Xing and Ming Zhu contributed equally to the article, and Lei Wang and Miaoyun Xu from Biotechnology Research Institute were the co-corresponding authors.

This work was supported by National Key Research and development Program of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.