Abstract：

 With the development of high throughout biology techniques and artificial intelligence, it becomes increasinglyfeasible to design and construct artificial biological parts, modules, circuits and even biological systems. Toovercome the limitations of native promoters in controlling gene expression, artificial promoter design aims tosynthesize short, inducible and conditionally controlled promoters to coordinate multiple genes’expressions indiverse plant metabolic and signalling pathways. Synthetic promoters are capable of driving gene expressionaccurately with smart responses and have versatile usages, highlighting their potentials to enhance desirable traits in crops, thereby improving crop yield, nutritional quality and food security. This review first illustratesthe importance of synthetic promoters, then introduces promoter architecture and thoroughly summarizes theadvances of synthetic promoter construction. The restrictions of developing synthetic promoters and their futureapplications in synthetic plant biology and crop improvement are also discussed.

KeyWords:

Plants, synthetic promoter, cis-element, gene expression.